The U.S. Senate has approved the $895 billion National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for fiscal year 2025, advancing the must-pass legislation to the president’s desk despite internal disputes over a provision concerning healthcare for dependents of service members.
The bill passed in a bipartisan 85–14 vote on Wednesday, following the House’s earlier approval of the legislation by a margin of 281–140. The NDAA, a comprehensive 1,800-page document, outlines military policy and authorizes funding for defense initiatives, including troop pay raises and modernization efforts.
This year’s bill includes a 14.5% pay raise for junior enlisted personnel and a 4.5% increase for other ranks, as well as increased funding for military assets and operations in the Indo-Pacific. It also includes provisions related to emerging technologies, new naval and air platforms, and updates to military housing and readiness.
However, the inclusion of a provision restricting the use of TRICARE—the military’s healthcare program—for certain gender-affirming care for minors sparked debate. The language, introduced in the House version, prompted some lawmakers to vote against the bill on principle.
Senators Tammy Baldwin (WI), Elizabeth Warren (MA), and Ed Markey (MA) were among those who opposed the legislation, citing concerns that the healthcare-related provision would negatively impact military families. A group of 21 Democratic senators attempted to remove the provision via amendment earlier in the week, but the effort was unsuccessful.
“This bill makes significant advances in national defense,” said Senate Armed Services Committee Chair Jack Reed (D-RI). “While I share concerns about specific language in the bill, particularly regarding healthcare policy, it is essential to provide our service members the resources and support they need.”
In addition to the healthcare measure, the NDAA includes language placing a one-year hiring freeze on positions related to diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) initiatives and limits funding for programs involving certain race-related instruction.
Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer (D-NY) praised the bill’s passage, noting its longstanding tradition of bipartisan support and its role in ensuring national security. “The NDAA is not perfect,” Schumer said, “but it still delivers on key priorities and reflects months of careful negotiation.”
The final version now awaits presidential signature to become law.
