A Quiet Program With a Growing Impact
What started as a relatively unknown law enforcement partnership has become a widespread tool across the United States, reshaping how immigration enforcement is carried out at the local level. The program—known as 287(g)—allows local and state law enforcement agencies to assist federal immigration officers, significantly expanding their role in identifying and handling individuals who may be in the country without legal documentation.
Understanding the 287(g) Program
The name comes from a provision in federal immigration law that permits Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) to train and authorize local officers to perform certain immigration functions. These duties include identifying individuals in custody who may be undocumented, interviewing them about their immigration status, and placing detainers for possible transfer to federal authorities.
Widespread Participation Across the Country
Today, 635 formal agreements—known as Memoranda of Agreement (MOAs)—have been signed with agencies in 40 states. Participants include sheriff’s departments, city police forces, and even airport and campus security units. The program is now active in both urban and rural areas, marking a significant expansion from its early use in just a few locations.
Changing the Scope of Local Law Enforcement
This shift has extended the reach of immigration enforcement beyond federal agents. Local officers now play a more direct role in immigration-related duties—especially inside local jails, where many of these processes take place. Supporters of the program view it as a way to streamline cooperation and improve public safety, while others raise concerns about how these changes may affect community trust and perceptions of law enforcement.
A Program That’s Likely to Stay
As the 287(g) program continues to operate across much of the country, its long-term effects are still being evaluated. Whether viewed as an efficiency tool or a point of concern, the program represents a major change in how local and federal agencies collaborate—and in how immigration enforcement touches everyday law enforcement practices.
